Namma Metro: Will we climb this Mountain between the Valleys?

Namma Metro is here, and my, is it the talk of the town or what? As a weird coincidence of sorts, I had to head out of Benglur on the night of Oct 20, 2011 - same day when Namma Metro was officially launched for public use - flying from one valley to another.. from one Metro town to another. In this context, here's a roll-out of my observations on our Metro in comparison with the Metro running in another Valley on the other side of the planet!

Upon a quick survey of public transport in two Silicon Valleys, we find on one hand, VTA, the authority that runs a hybrid public transit system connecting multiple south Californian suburbs, and on the other hand two bodies namely BMTC & BMRC together connecting our own valley, Benglur. Standing among various differences between these geographies and organizations is the common factor that urban public transit systems are localized-by-design, in that their target audience and the traits expected of their operation are all locally attributable. These transport systems operate within smaller limits, earmark a limited demography as beneficiaries, and are structured to assist the lifestyles of the local people.

Similarities aside, there's a marked difference one finds in the nature of operation & maintenance of these transport bodies, a difference bearing in the way these bodies perceive commuters, and the bases on which they appear to be taking operational decisions. These differences could be in taking budgetary decisions, in publishing them, or using the smallest opportunity to thank people for their tax money. The VTA (and its like) seem to be voluntarily ahead with an upper hand compared to their Benglur counterparts, who in turn not only fail in attributing their existence & operation to public tax money, but also display clear aloofness in their publications (some really vital documents not in Kannada, the lingua-franca of Benglur) and in decision making that affect their functioning thereby impacting the people - its customers i.e.

What seems to be the Problem?
As a generalization, it'd appear that these govt. run transport corporations, like other govt. bodies chartered to directly serve people in commercial transactions, do not take public as customers at all! Be it the BSNL, or ESCOMs, or RTOs, or the Palikes or BMTC or BMRC, although their very existence (& profitability in some cases) is hinged on public turnout, their indifference towards customers has continued to cause frustration among the public. In return our governments are known to have showered unconditional love and protection covering losses of such organizations with more public money supply. In doing so their indifference towards customers is solemnized and perhaps even legalized, making customers of such public sector undertakings fall dumb prey, left with little choice to churn.
(Its a different matter, of course, that this very lack of choice could have paved way for severe corruption in our society. Although this is not uncommon knowledge, it is important we the people write & read about this!)

Where seems to be the problem?
For instance, the BMTC is a govt. sponsored company that runs bus services in Benglur city. While it owes allegiance to the Karnataka govt (and hence the people) for most of its funding and other sponsorship, it still needs to be told about the importance of using Kannada in all its customer interactions, not just in its administrative affairs. It needs to be continuously polled and complained at the first instance of playing Hindi music inside its city buses. Having prevented any competition from breeding, BMTC has in a way been abusing its sponsor's (the govt.) dominant position to take undue control of the market and at thereby denying good service in Kannada to deserving Kannadiga customers in Benglur.

BMRC: Heluvudu ondu, Maaduvudu innondu
Taking a look at BMRC - problems galore from day one. Marked with public exclusion all along, this project continues to shock with information in three languages, one of them Hindi - a totally out of context language in a locally run train service, nowhere cutting across lands of Hindi speaking people. Making it yet another instrument of Hindi imposition in the hands of a federally elected govt. in Delhi? BMRC's journey tickets are given weird names from the Hindi dictionary, and the boards inside the real train coaches differ markedly from their mock counterparts (see pic). All this talks volumes about public exclusion being practised big time in these organizations.

Well, where lies the problem, really? Is it in those government bodies? Is it in our own bodies? Are we being forcibly shortchanged by these government undertakings? Are such urbanization measures of governments feigning modernization running their hideous imperialist enterprises entirely at our costs? Are we ending up paying for all these Hindi imposition? Have we lost our grounds and forgotten our rights as a customer in all these situations? Have we unlearned the skill of running projects to meet what our society needs? Have we given up before the battle has even begun? The battle for better quality of living, for our rights as customers, for our rights as equal citizens.

Being Kannadigas, don't we remember anymore that service in Kannada is indeed our right!? Then why aren't we hearing people complain?? Come ooooooooooooooooon! Lets not buy our tickets after the train has left! Lets write to them: 
BMRCL - sivasailam@bmrc.co.insudhirchandra@bmrc.co.invasanthrao@bmrc.co.inbmrcl@dataone.in
BMTC - "Chief Traffic Manager (O)" <ctmobmtc@gmail.com>, bmtcmd@gmail.com
Karnataka CM - cm@kar.nic.in

IRS '11Q2 results: Looking at the Fine Print

A week ago MRUC (Media Research Users Council) reported results from its recent surveys of print media readership conducted across the nation. Statistics relevant to Karnataka reveal pleasing results with every other newspaper gaining readers on top of their base from previous year. This news clears the table and lays data afresh, portraying once again how printed content in Kannada still continues to top and lead readership charts across the state, with urban hotspots like Bengaluru being no exception.


A question of capability and choice
The IRS (Indian Readership Survey) is, according to an official release :
.. a syndicated study based on a comprehensive sample size of 2,14,486 with a geographic spread of nearly 70 cities, 1178 towns & 2894 villages...The random sample size is distributed across all metro towns, rest of urban & rural using an appropriate method that ensures adequate sample representation across all the population strata.
Apart from being a good manifestation of a people's literacy ratio, IRS data are also a good 'currency' for advertisers and media houses to trade with. These data provide statistical reassurances about the market reach of newspapers - something that media and ad agencies expect to obtain by partnering with the print media players in the form of advertisements and sometimes (paid) news! In effect these results are much awaited by benefactors in business & media houses alike. While business houses interpret this data to measure the capability of print media to reach their market audiences, media houses use this data as currency in exchange for a proportional amount of advertising investment by business houses.


There, but not yet?
Evidently, the Kannada print media has come out in flying colors in every successive IRS survey in the last 6-8 quarters, displaying fierce competition among its leading players, each inching further towards a higher readership QoQ (Quarter on Quarter). The following leader-board illustrates this competition, making evident the battle for the top two spots thereby emphasizing on the value of playing in the Kannada print media market. 
Kannada Print Media Leader Board (10Q1-11Q2)
This may be news to cheer, but statistics underlying them expose the relatively meager coverage of Kannada literates (& Karnataka population in general) compared to their other South Indian counterparts. 


Since literacy of a state directly dictates its limit of print media penetration, the same reflects in the maximum AIR (Average Issue Readership) numbers one can expect to see in each state. Kerala with the highest literacy among South Indian states tops the charts, both in terms of literacy and AIR whereas Karnataka with a literacy better than Andhra still fails to beat it in terms of AIR. This is not an exception we can ignore, for it indicates how poorly Kannada print media has been able to tap the literate Kannadiga population and also various other people that can read and understand the Kannada script. The following chart summarizes this trend.
AIR vs Literacy trend


While literacy agreeably plays a critical role in defining the market size, traits of a print medium such as: 
  • content quality, 
  • readership loyalty, 
  • distribution efficiency, 
  • localized rendering of content, 
  • emphasis on local language usage, 
  • ability to customize content and render it more appealing to local audiences 
Reach Comparison (%)
- appear to be influencing a newspaper's patronage. Kannada print media has miles to go and work to do to improve their patronage on the lines of what its neighboring language presses have achieved. This chart exhibits (in percentages) how a majority of print media in South India, especially the Kannada version have stayed below the average both in terms of net AIR and net literate AIR. (The red dotted lines represent averages.) While it may not be able to do much that can directly bump up Karnataka's literacy, the Kannada press certainly needs to strengthen its focus on education in Kannada medium and emphasize on the importance of increasing the usage of Kannada in every walk of life in Karnataka. Even a small example cited in this regard points fingers at a Kannada daily which writes reams about the importance of Hindi for Kannadigas, or another which does nothing to educate advertisers to not field English advertisement in a Kannada daily. The Kannada press isn't doing enough to help broaden the Kannada reader base! What is observed today instead is that quite a few Kannada press members have, unconsciously or otherwise, become glorifiers of the success stories in other languages thereby sidelining what is being done and what needs to be done to empower Kannada to reach the same stage for Kannadigas.


Contrasting 'under the lamp' observations
The Kannada press has certainly got some reason to celebrate, especially keeping in mind the fact that repeated IRS results from Karnataka and Bengaluru have revealed Kannada dailies as leaders in terms of AIR year-on-year, reinforcing the truth about how deep Kannada alone penetrates into this society. In this backdrop wild & wrong assumptions and misplaced fears like Kannada losing prominence continue to be expressed by concerned authorities like the head of Kannada Abhivruddhi Praadhikara. All these surveys and their results - confirming that more than 17 out of 20 Benglurians listening in public (FM, for instance), talking in public (FM, again), and reading papers are plugged in to Kannada - seem to be falling on closed eyes of responsible people. Is it time for them to wake up yet?


PS: One fairly reasonable assumption made in the calculations here is no overlap of readers of two newspapers, thereby making the AIRs of two newspapers linearly additive in nature.